How the exhaust system works

The exhaust system is composed of an exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, muffler, etc. and purifies the exhaust gas discharged from the engine before releasing it into the atmosphere.
The muffler also suppresses the explosive sounds made during the release.

Catalytic converter
Exhaust gas contains toxic gases such as CO (carbon monoxide), HC (hydrocarbon) and NOX (nitrogen oxide). The catalytic converter is installed in the middle of the exhaust system and is a device for purifying this gas.

Muffler

Since the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is high temperature and high pressure, it emits an explosive sound if released directly.
Therefore the muffler lowers the pressure and temperature of the gas, suppressing the sound when discharging.

How to start the engine

As the engine can't be started under its own power, external force is required only for the initial " intake >> compression >> combustion >> exhaust" cycle, turning the engine.

The starter forcibly turns the crankshaft, causing an explosion by taking in the air fuel mixture and compressing it, starting the engine.

How the starter works
Generally a starter motor is used to start the engine.

Using the battery as the power supply, the starter motor turns the flywheel directly connected to the crankshaft, forcibly starting the engine.

This operation is performed from inside the vehicle using the ignition switch.